Asphalt shingle Wikipedia. The Prestige Flac here. Song bird perched on a ridge cap on a 3 tab asphalt shingle roof. An asphalt shingle is a type of wall or roof shingle that uses asphalt for waterproofing. They are one of the most widely used roofing covers in North America because they have a relatively inexpensive up front cost and are fairly simple to install. HistoryeditAsphalt shingles are an American invention first used in 1. America by 1. 91. The forerunner of these shingles was first developed in 1. Install Architectural Shingles Hip Roof' title='Install Architectural Shingles Hip Roof' />In 1. Types of granules tested have included mica, oyster shells, slate, dolomite, fly ash, silica and clay. In 1. 90. 1 this material was first cut into strips for use as one tab and multi tab shingles. All shingles were organic at first with the base material, called felt, being primarily cotton rag until the 1. Other organic materials used as the felt included wool, jute or manila, and wood pulp. Vmdk Files From Datastore. In 1. Asphalt Shingle and Research Institute with the National Bureau of Standards tested twenty two types of experimental felts and found no significant differences in performance. Hey Anita, Ultimately, the quality of installation is more important than the system you choose, whether its metal shingles or standing seam. In the 1. 95. 0s self sealing and manually applied adhesives began to be used to help prevent wind damage to shingle roofs. The design standard was for the self sealing strips of adhesive to be fully adhered after sixteen hours at 1. Fahrenheit. Also in the 1. In 1. 96. 0 fiberglass mat bases were introduced with limited success, the lighter more flexible shingles proved to be more susceptible to wind damage particularly at freezing temperatures. Also in the 1. 96. Asphalt Roofing Manufacturers Association ARMA formed the High Wind Task Force in 1. The average cost of replacing Asphalt Roof Shingles is between 3. For homeowners looking to do a reroofing job on a budget, while maintaining a fairly attractive look and weather tightness of their home, a composition shingles roof. FiberglassBased Asphalt Shingles Accessories BROOKVILLE PROJECT ARCHITECT RESPONSIBILITY This is a general specification guide, intended to be used by experienced. A home in Avalon, NJ showing an asphalt shingle roof. Two types of base materials are used to make asphalt shingles A formerly living organic base and fiberglass base. Both types are made in a similar manner with asphalt or modified asphalt applied to one or both sides of the asphalt saturated base, covered with slate, schist, quartz, vitrified brick, stone,3 or ceramic granules and the back side treated with sand, talc or mica to prevent the shingles from sticking to each other before use. The top surface granules block ultra violet light which causes the shingles to deteriorate, provides some physical protection of the asphalt and gives the shingles their color. Some shingles have copper or other materials added to the surface to help prevent algae growth. Self sealing strips are standard on shingles to help prevent the shingles from being blown off by high winds. This material is typically limestone or fly ash modified resins, or polymer modified bitumen. American Society of Civil Engineers ASTM D7. United States residential building codes use as their wind resistance standard for most discontinuous, steep slope roof coverings including asphalt shingles with the following class ratings Class D Passed at basic wind speeds up to and including 9. Class G Passed at basic wind speeds up to and including 1. Class H Passed at basic wind speeds up to and including 1. 1989 Yamaha Pro Hauler Service Manual. An additive known as styrene butadiene styrene SBS, sometimes called modified or rubberized asphalt, is sometimes added to the asphalt mixture to make shingles more resistant to thermal cracking, as well as more resistant to damage from hail impacts. Some manufacturers use a fabric backing known as a scrim on the back side of shingles to make them more impact resistant. Ye0XQO9_w/hqdefault.jpg' alt='Install Architectural Shingles Hip Roof' title='Install Architectural Shingles Hip Roof' />Most insurance companies offer discounts to homeowners for using Class 4 impact rated shingles. OrganiceditOrganic shingles are made with a base mat of formerly living organic materials such as paper waste paper, cellulose, wood fiber, or other materials saturated with asphalt to make it waterproof, then a top coating of adhesive asphalt is applied and ceramic granules are then embedded. Organic shingles contain around 4. The paper based nature of organic shingles leaves them more prone to fire damage, and their highest FM rating for fire is class B. Organic shingles are less brittle than fiberglass shingles in cold weather. The older organic wood and paper pulp product versions were very durable and hard to tear, an important property when considering wind uplift of shingles in heavy storms. Secure-the-Shingle-Ridge-Cap.jpg' alt='Install Architectural Shingles Hip Roof' title='Install Architectural Shingles Hip Roof' />Also, some organic shingles produced before the early 1. FiberglasseditFiberglass shingles have a base layer of glass fiber reinforcing mat. The mat is made from wet, random laid fiberglass bonded with urea formaldehyderesin. The mat is then coated with asphalt which contains mineral fillers and makes the fiberglass shingle waterproof. Fiberglass shingles typically obtain a class A fire rating as the fiberglass mat resists fire better than organicpaper mats. Fiberglass reinforcement was devised as the replacement for asbestos paper reinforcement of roofing shingles and typically ranges from 1. Fiberglass shingles are slowly replacing organic felt shingles and by 1. Widespread hurricane damage in Florida during the 1. Per 2. 00. 3 International Building Code Sections 1. Asphalt shingles shall be fastened to solidly sheathed decks. Architectural or 3 TabeditAsphalt Shingles come in two standard design options Architectural Dimensional Shingles, and 3 Tab Shingles. Tab are essentially flat simple shingles with a uniform shape and size. They use less material than Architectural Shingles, and are therefore lighter and lower cost for both the material and the installation. They are also thinner, and do not last as long or offer Manufacturers Warranties as long as good Architectural Asphalt. Tab are still the most commonly installed in lower value homes, such as those used as rental properties. However, they are declining in popularity in favor of Architectural. Dimensional, or Architectural Shingles are thicker and stronger, and they offer more aesthetic appeal with their dimensional look with more shadow and varied shapes and sizes. While more expensive to install, they come with longer Manufacturers Warranties, sometimes up to 5. Years. Though, it is worth noting that most Asphalt Shingles are still likely to be replaced after no longer than 2. While no Asphalt Shingle is likely to last for 5. Dimensional Shingles will stand up better to the elements, and offer less potential for leaking and the high costs of the damage that can come with roof leaks, typically for a longer period of time. While 3 tab shingles typically need to be replaced after 1. Dimensional typically last 2. QualitieseditAsphalt shingles have varying qualities which help them survive wind, hail, or fire damage and discoloration. The American Society of Testing Materials ASTM has developed specifications for roof shingles ASTM D 2. Asphalt Shingles Organic Felt Surfaced with Mineral Granules and ASTM D3. Asphalt Shingles Made from Glass Felt and Surfaced with Mineral Granules, ASTM D3. Standard Test Method for Wind Resistance of Asphalt Shingles 2. Many shapes and textures of asphalt shingles are available 3 tab, jet, signature cut, Art Loc, t lock, tie lock, etc. Architectural laminated shingles are a multi layer, laminated shingle which gives more varied, contoured visual effect to a roof surface and add more resistance for water. These shingles are designed to avoid repetitive patterns in the shingle appearance. Hip and ridge lines can have either standard 3 tab shingles cut to fit. Manufacturers also make specialized shingles for these areas.